China’s Supreme People’s Court is developing a new legal framework for digital assets, amid growing concerns over cybercrime linked to virtual property. In its latest 2025 report, the court acknowledged that current legal tools are insufficient to address disputes involving blockchain-based assets. While the country’s stance on cryptocurrencies remains unchanged, courts are adapting to the reality of digital assets and their rising prevalence in legal cases.
The Supreme People’s Court’s recent publication highlights the increasing number of cases involving digital assets and cybercrime. These cases range from hacked accounts to online fraud, showing a need for clearer rules.
According to the report, existing laws cannot keep up with the rapid growth of blockchain technology and online transactions. As a result, the court is working to modernize commercial laws and introduce new categories of virtual property.
While crypto trading remains illegal in China, digital assets continue to appear in court cases. Courts now must deal with cases that involve online fraud, hacked virtual property, and disputes over digital ownership. The court’s new approach aims to improve clarity and enforcement in these areas, without relaxing the nation’s stance on cryptocurrencies.
The report calls for the establishment of legally recognized digital records. These records would provide courts with a framework to address issues like ownership disputes and fraud in virtual transactions. The court is drawing on examples from overseas legal reforms, such as the updates to U.S. commercial laws, to guide its efforts.
China’s evolving legal framework also focuses on areas beyond cryptocurrencies, like data ownership and AI-generated content. These areas reflect the country’s rapid shift toward a data-driven economy. The court is working to introduce laws that can effectively regulate algorithmic accountability and online criminal procedures.
In recent years, China has made significant strides in regulating digital assets. Virtual assets have now been included in the country’s anti-money laundering framework. The amendment marks the first significant update to these rules in nearly 20 years, showing the government’s increasing focus on digital financial systems.
Specialized internet courts have also been established to handle disputes related to digital property and online crimes. These courts are tasked with addressing a variety of issues, including privacy violations and market manipulation in the digital space. With these changes, China is ensuring that its legal system adapts to the needs of a digital-first economy, while maintaining a strict approach toward cryptocurrencies.
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